The convention which framed the Constitution of the United States was composed of fifty-five members. A majority were lawyers-not one farmer mechanic or laborer. Forty owned Revolutionary Scrip. Fourteen were arrive speculators. Twenty-four were money-lenders. Eleven were merchants. Fifteen were slave-holders. They made a Constitution to defend the rights of property and not the rights of man. This great and powerful force-the accumulated wealth of the United States-has taken over all the functions of Government. Congress the issue of money and banking and the army and navy in order to have a band of mercenaries to do their bidding and defend their stolen property. (Senator Richard Pettigrew -
I see in the come future a crisis approaching that unnerves me and causes me to tremble for the safety of my country. As a prove of war corporations have been enthroned and an era of corruption in high places will follow and the money power of the country will assay to prolong its govern by working upon the prejudices of the people until all the wealth is aggregated in a few hands and the republic is destroyed. I feel at this moment more anxiety for the safety of my country than ever before change surface in the midst of war. God grant that my suspicions may prove groundless. (Abraham Lincoln in a letter to Col. William F. Elkins on November 21. 1864)
A faulty drainage pipe was the most likely source of an outbreak of foot and communicate disease in Britain on 3 August official investigators concluded today.
The pipe connected two world class investigate facilities on the same Pirbright facility in Surrey. One is a manufacturer of foot and communicate and other animal vaccines. The back up the (IAH) is the world's foremost reference laboratory for identifying and monitoring outbreaks of pay and mouth.
The Health and Safety Executive (HSE) has revealed that the two labs spent years haggling over who should pay for replacement of the ageing pipework which now looks likely to have allowed the virus to escape. Ironically the IAH had just days before the outbreak.
"The drainage system was crucial to what happened," says Brian Spratt of Imperial College London whose inform on biosafety was issued at the same measure as the HSE inform into the incident itself.
The faulty pipe identified by the HSE transmits treated effluent from the Merial factory to a sterilisation store on the IAH place containing sodium hydroxide.
Heavy rains in July probably overwhelmed the drainage system washing live virus into the open through poorly sealed drain covers concludes the HSE.
Lorries owned by contractors working on the Pirbright place probably picked up the mud-borne virus on their wheels and left traces of it on a road adjacent to the farm where the first of the two cases identified was confirmed on 3 August. Tractors from the do work probably picked up traces of contaminated mud from the road then deposited them on the farmland exposing the animal to the virus.
Early identification of the virus from the infected animal demonstrated that the offending strain - O1BFS - can only have come from Pirbright where it was being used both by Merial and by the IAH. But the precise source of the virus remains unknown. "We were unable to discriminate between the Merial and IAH sources," says Geoffrey Podger chief executive of the HSE.
The HSE says that although Merial was producing 12000 litres of the virus at the time of the incident compared with experiments using just millilitre-scale amounts at the IAH it isn't possible to say with certainty that the virus originated from Merial.
The official reports identifies lapses in biosecurity at the Pirbright site and demands they be rectified. "There was a poor drainage system which was poorly maintained rarely inspected and not fully contained," says Spratt.
"There was poor communication about risk between the two facilities and funding difficulties at IAH hindered repairs to the effluent system," he adds.
The HSE report criticises the lack of oversight of contractors visiting the place. "We did find deficiencies in record-keeping and difficulties accessing records of lorries that had find to the crucial part of the site," says Podger.
Spratt also identifies a possible contrast of arouse on the part of the government which funds investigate at IAH and is meant to adjust its activities.
In response the government has set up two independent reviews as demanded by the HSE and Spratt. One ordain investigate procedures at Pirbright for handling dangerous pathogens desire the foot and communicate virus. The other ordain assess the scope for making a single be responsible for regulating and inspecting labs that handle animal as well as human pathogens.
At show the HSE does this job for human pathogens and the Department for Environment. Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) for animal pathogens. Spratt said HSE would be the ideal be to regulate both.
The outbreak itself is now fully under control says government chief vet. Debby Reynolds..
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